Overview
The engineering sector is one of the most diverse and essential industries in the UK, covering everything from infrastructure and transportation to energy, technology, and manufacturing. Engineers are problem-solvers, innovators, and builders of the modern world, working on everything from skyscrapers and bridges to cutting-edge robotics and sustainable energy solutions.
With over 5.4 million people employed in engineering roles and an annual demand for 182,000 new engineers, the industry offers strong career prospects. The UK is home to global engineering firms such as Rolls-Royce, BAE Systems, Siemens, Arup, and Jaguar Land Rover, providing opportunities across various fields, including aerospace, automotive, construction, renewable energy, and telecommunications.
Key Engineering Sectors:
- Civil & Structural Engineering – Designing bridges, roads, tunnels, and large-scale buildings.
- Mechanical & Electrical Engineering – Developing machinery, automation systems, and power solutions.
- Aerospace & Automotive Engineering – Innovating in aircraft, spacecraft, and high-performance vehicles.
- Chemical & Process Engineering – Creating materials, fuels, and pharmaceuticals.
- Renewable Energy & Sustainability – Advancing wind, solar, and sustainable materials.
As the industry evolves, emerging fields such as AI-driven automation, robotics, and green energy solutions are opening up exciting career opportunities for graduates.
Average Engineering Graduate Salary
Engineering Graduate Career Path
There are multiple career paths within engineering, depending on your specialisation and interests:
- Civil & Structural Engineering – Infrastructure development, transport systems, and urban planning.
- Mechanical & Electrical Engineering – Power systems, robotics, and automation.
- Aerospace & Automotive Engineering – Aircraft design, space exploration, and electric vehicles.
- Chemical & Process Engineering – Pharmaceuticals, energy production, and material science.
- Renewable Energy & Environmental Engineering – Sustainable energy, smart grids, and waste management.
Major Employers:
- Engineering Firms – Siemens, Rolls-Royce, BAE Systems, Arup, Mott MacDonald.
- Aerospace & Automotive – Airbus, Boeing, Jaguar Land Rover, Tesla, McLaren.
- Energy & Utilities – National Grid, Shell, BP, EDF Energy.
- Construction & Infrastructure – Atkins, Laing O’Rourke, Balfour Beatty.
Graduates often begin as engineering trainees, design engineers, or project assistants, gaining experience through structured graduate programmes. Many companies offer on-the-job training and professional development to help engineers achieve Chartered Engineer (CEng) status. Career progression can lead to specialist technical roles, project management, or leadership positions in innovation and strategy.
What to Expect in an Engineering Career
- Technical & Hands-On Work – Designing, testing, and maintaining engineering solutions.
- Problem-Solving & Innovation – Engineers tackle complex challenges daily.
- Structured Career Growth – Many engineers progress to Chartered Engineer (CEng) or Incorporated Engineer (IEng) status.
- Global Opportunities – Many engineering roles involve travel and international projects.
Qualifications and Skills Needed
What proportion of candidates as a percent we place into Engineering graduate careers and the typical qualities graduate employers look for.
GRB Placements for Engineering by Degree
Typical Candidate Attributes
A STEM-related degree is typically required to enter the engineering sector. Some of the most relevant degrees include:
- Civil, Mechanical & Electrical Engineering – For careers in construction, aerospace, and manufacturing.
- Chemical & Process Engineering – Essential for oil & gas, pharmaceuticals, and material science.
- Computer Science & AI – Increasingly vital in robotics, automation, and smart technologies.
- Environmental & Energy Engineering – Growing demand in sustainability and renewable energy.
Entry Requirements:
- A 2:1 degree or higher is required for most graduate schemes.
- Accredited engineering degrees (approved by IET, IMechE, ICE, etc.) help towards Chartered Engineer (CEng) certification.
- Work experience through placements or internships significantly boosts employability.
Essential Skills for Engineers:
- Problem-Solving & Analytical Thinking – Engineers must identify and address technical challenges efficiently.
- Mathematical & Technical Skills – Required for calculations, models, and testing.
- Communication & Teamwork – Engineers collaborate with designers, managers, and technicians.
- Project Management & Leadership – Overseeing budgets, timelines, and risk assessments.
- Innovation & Adaptability – Keeping up with technological advancements and industry regulations.
Many employers support professional development through:
- Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) & Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) for CEng certification.
- Project Management Certifications (PRINCE2, Six Sigma) for leadership roles.
- AI, Automation & Sustainability Training to align with industry trends.
Application & Recruitment Process
Many engineering companies offer structured graduate programmes. The hiring process typically includes:
- Online Application & CV Submission – Highlight technical skills, internships, and relevant projects.
- Aptitude & Technical Assessments – Tests on numerical reasoning and engineering problem-solving.
- Assessment Centres – Group exercises, technical challenges, and case studies.
- Interviews & Presentations – Discussions on engineering concepts, past projects, and future industry challenges.
Successful candidates may be invited to complete additional technical tasks or site visits before receiving a job offer.
Is Engineering the Right Career for You?
Engineering is an exciting and rewarding field, but it requires strong problem-solving abilities, analytical thinking, and creativity. If you enjoy tackling challenges, working with cutting-edge technology, and making a tangible impact on the world, engineering could be a great fit for you.
Consider engineering if you:
- Enjoy maths, physics, or technology.
- Like solving problems and creating practical solutions.
- Have a passion for innovation, sustainability, or robotics.
- Want a career with global opportunities and high earning potential.
The engineering sector is always evolving, making it an ideal career choice for those who want to work on the next big innovations that will shape the future.
Sources for Further Information
Institution of Civil Engineers www.ice.org.uk
Institution of Mechanical Engineers www.imeche.org
Institution of Structural Engineers www.istructe.org
The Institution of Engineering and Technology www.theiet.org
Engineering Council www.engc.org.uk
Institute of Marine Engineers www.imarest.org
Royal Academy of Engineering www.raeng.org.uk
Society of Manufacturing Engineering www.sme.org
Institution of Engineering Designers www.institution-engineering-designers.org.uk